改善α-氰基丙烯酸酯胶黏剂/502瞬间胶耐热性和耐水性的方法有哪些？

（1）改善α-胶的耐热性　因为α-胶是热塑性高分子，固化后还含有大量残余单体，使得Tg不高，一般α-胶最高耐热温度为80℃左右。α-胶完全固化的接头因黏附性差、脆性大，在收缩应力和其他外力的作用下更易开裂而失去强度。改进α-胶的耐热性有三个途径：一是采用交联剂，如乙二醇的双氰基丙烯酸酯、氰基丙烯酸烯丙基酯、氰基戊二烯酸的单酯或双酯等，使其具有一定程度的热固性；二是采用耐热黏附促进剂，包括单元或多元羧酸、酸酐、酚类化合物等，以改善胶和粘接材料之间的界面状态；三是适当地加入增塑剂。另外，在α-胶中引入马来酰亚胺，也可以提高耐热性。

（2）改善α-胶的耐水性　就聚合物本身来说，在α-胶中引入交联单体或共聚单体，会改善其耐水性；就界面来说，许多黏附促进剂（二酐、苯酐、硅烷等）可以改善界面状态，从而在改善黏附性的同时，也改善了耐水性；就材料本身来说，适当的表面处理是其他胶黏剂领域中常用的方法；就界面来说，许多黏附促进剂（如二酐、苯酐、硅烷等）可以改善界面状态，在一定程度上改善黏附性，也同时改善了耐水性。

（3）改善α-胶的耐冲击性　有三种提高耐冲击性的方法：一是引入如α-氰基-2，4-戊二烯酸酯等可共聚的内增塑单体；二是添加如苯酰丙酮、多羟基苯甲酸及其衍生物、脂肪族多元醇、聚醚及其衍生物等增塑剂；三是用聚氨酯橡胶、聚乙烯醇缩醛、丙烯酸酯橡胶以及接枝共聚物等高分子量弹性体来改性。

improve α- The heat resistance of the adhesive is because α- The adhesive is a thermoplastic polymer, and after curing, it also contains a large number of residual monomers, which makes TG low, general α- The maximum heat resistance temperature of the adhesive is about 80 ℃. α- The fully cured joint is more likely to crack and lose its strength due to its poor adhesion and brittleness. improvement α- There are three ways to heat resistance of the adhesive: one is to adopt crosslinking agents, such as dicyanoacrylate of glycol, allyl cyanoacrylate, monoester or diester of cyanopentadienic acid, etc., so as to make it have certain degree of thermosetting property; Second, heat resistant adhesion promoters, including unit or polycarboxylic acid, anhydrides, phenols, etc., are used to improve the interface state between adhesive and bonding material; Third, plasticizer is added appropriately. In addition, in the α- Maleimide can also improve the heat resistance.